| # | Layer | Description | Protocol/Function |
| 7 | Application | Software that is requesting or receiving a network communication. | Web Browsing, email client, ftp client |
| 6 | Presentation | Responsible for translating between software encoding & human readable format | Doc, Jpg, Gif, Xls, etc |
| 5 | Session | Establishes a logical connection between software endpoints. | FTP(21), SSH(22), HTTP(80), HTTPS(443), NTP(123) |
| 4 | Transport | Segments traffic for reliable or best effort transmission between hosts. | TCP, UDP, SPX |
| 3 | Network | Configures packets for intra-subnet & inter-subnet communications. | IPv4, IPv6, IPX |
| 2 | Data Link | Applies physical addresses to the data creating a switchable frame. | MAC Addresses |
| 1 | Physical | Electrons or photons | Hubs, fiber, copper |
| Command Prompt name | Examples |
| ping | -t pings the specified host untill stopped. To stop - type Control-C -a resolve addresses to hostnames -n number of ech requests to send -l send buffer size -f set dont fragment flag in packet(ipv4 only) -i set time to live -r record route for count hops(ipv4 only) -s timestamp for count hops(ipv4 only) -j loose source route along host-list -k strict source route alone host-list -w timeout in milliseconds to wait for each reply -R Use routing header to test reverse route also(ipv6, deprecated) -S Source address to use -c routiung compartment identifier -p ping a hyper-v network virtualization provider address -4 force using ipv4 -6 force using ipv6 |
| ip config | /all /release /renew /? /flushdns |
| hostname | display the name of the system you are using |
| getmac | displays MAC addresses on your computer |
| arp | -a used to display ARP table -g same as -a -d * delete all enteries in the arp table -s static entry, enter ip address and mac address with this command |
| nslookup | type this with an ip address or a website name for information, or type nslookup -quereytype=mx xxxxx.com |
| nbstat | netbios diagnostic tool |
| netstat | -a this witch displays active tcp connections -b display process actual filename -e show network stats -f force netstat command to display the fqdn -n no lookup honstames -o shows pid -p shows connections or stats for a particualr protocol -r show routes -s statistics -t display tcp chimnet offload state -x show all NetworkDirect listeners, connects and shared endpoints -y shows tcp connection template /? |
| taskkill | taskkill /IM firefox.exe /F taskkill /PID 26356 /F |
| tasklist |
| Multi-Mode FIber(MMF) diameter - 62.5µ orange 0m1 5mu |
| Multi-Mode FIber(MMF) diameter - 50µ aqua 0m7-5 5mu |
| Shorter distances cheaper then SMF more expensive in shorter distances |
| Single Mode Fiber(SMF) 9µ diameter fiber Longer distances >1KM Expensive yellow jacket, or hot pink |
| https://www.paessler.com/company/about-us |
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FINAL LAB 1. Create a new Virtual Machine and name it FlnalVM 2. Add second NIC to the VM before boot and install a. Bridge the first adapter b. Set second adapter to "internal" 3. Perform a clean Install of Windows 2008 a. Select US English b. Enterprise full installation c. Use the entire HDD as one partition d. DO NOT INSTALL UPDATES 4. Rename you server to CNTSXXX-SRV 5. Rename your Local Area Adapter to Outside 6. Configure your Outside adapter as follows a. Plug into the Blue network b. Set IP to 192.168.100.XXX c. Set mask to 255.255.255.0 d. Set Default Gateway to 192.168.100.1 e. Set DNS to 192.168.100.1 f. Set Alternate DNS to 10.1.1.20 g. Confirm you can ping 192.168.100.1 7. Configure your second adapter as foJlows a. Rename to Inside b. Set IP to 192.168.XXX.1 c. Set mask to 255.255.255.0 d. leave gateway address empty e. leave DNS address empty 8. Install Active Directory as follows a. New domain in a new forest b. Set domain name to CNTSXXX.com c. Accept the NetBIOS name if asked d. Set forest functional level to 2008 e. Clear the DNS error message and make sure DNS is checked f. For all other settings, accept the default g. Reboot 9. Install DHCP as follows a, Name the scope as CNTSXXX b. Set scope range to 192,168.XXX.150 192.168.XXX.175 c. Set mask to 255.255.255.0 d. Set gateway to 192.168.XXX.1 e. Set DNS to 192.168.XXX.1 f. Set alternate DNS to 10.1.1.20 g. For all other setting, leave them at default h. After install, ensure that DHCP is bound to your inside adaptor i. Authorize your DHCP 10. Install Routing and Remote Access as follows a. Add the Network Policy and Access Services role b. After completion, set routing and remote access as follows L Install RIPv2 1. Add both interfaces as before ii. Install NAT 1 . Add both interfaces, being sure to set private and public as before 11. Connect your laptop to the blue network and confirm you can connect to the internet a. Set your laptop adapter to Obtain and address automatically b. Set your laptop adapter to Obtain a ONS address automatically c. Turn off your wireless adapter d. load a web site |